Dr. Alan I. Leshner is Chief Executive Officer of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and Executive Publisher of its journal, Science. From 1994 to 2001, Dr. Leshner was Director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and from 1988 to 1994 he was Deputy Director and Acting Director of the National Institute of Mental Health. Prior to that, he spent nine years at the National Science Foundation, where he held a variety of senior positions, focusing on basic research in the biological, behavioral and social sciences, on science policy and on science education. Dr. Leshner began his career at Bucknell University, where he was Professor of Psychology. His research has focused on the biological bases of behavior. Dr. Leshner has been elected a member of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies of Science, and a fellow of AAAS, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and the National Academy of Public Administration. He has received numerous awards from both professional and lay groups for his national leadership in science, mental illness and mental health, substance abuse and addiction, and public engagement with science. He received an A.B. degree in Psychology from Franklin and Marshall College and M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Physiological Psychology from Rutgers University.