American Association for the Advancement of Science

Congressional Action on R&D in the FY 2000 Budget - Tables A and B

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Table A. Trends in R&D, FY 1994-2000
Percentage Changes in Constant Dollars

 
Action by Congress
  FY 1994 FY 1999 FY 2000 % Chg. Constant $
  Actual Estimate Approved FY 94-99 FY 94-00
Dept. of Defense 35,510 37,975 39,109 -1.9% -1.0%
(DOD "S&T" (6.1-6.3))1 8,283 7,791 8,652 -13.7% -6.1%
NASA 9,406 9,715 9,778 -5.3% -6.5%
Dept. of Energy 6,771 6,974 7,232 -5.6% -4.0%
Nat'l Institutes of Health 10,474 14,971 17,125 31.1% 47.0%
NSF 2,243 2,714 2,854 11.0% 14.4%
Agriculture 1,528 1,638 1,693 -1.7% -0.4%
Interior 708 567 562 -26.5% -28.6%
Transportation 641 603 643 -13.8% -9.8%
EPA 588 669 645 4.2% -1.3%
Commerce 1,022 1,075 1,096 -3.5% -3.6%
All Other 2,185 2,450 2,609 2.8% 7.4%
  ____ ____ ____    
Total R&D 71,074 79,350 83,346 2.4% 5.4%
           
Defense R&D 38,299 41,208 42,497 -1.3% -0.2%
Nondefense R&D 32,775 38,142 40,850 6.7% 12.1%
-Nondef. R&D minus NIH 22,301 23,171 23,725 -4.7% -4.4%
           
Basic Research 13,693 17,276 19,112 15.7% 25.5%
           
"FS&T" 1 43,002 48,326 49,404 3.1% 3.3%


Source: AAAS Report XX, OMB R&D data, and agency budget justifications.
FY 2000 figures are AAAS estimates of R&D in FY 2000 apppropriations bills.
Constant-dollar changes calculated from OMB's GDP deflators.
1 FY 2000 Approved includes medical R&D appropriated in a separate account. These programs were previously appropriated in "6.3" accounts.
2 An alternative measure of the federal investment in science and technology proposed by the National Academy of Sciences. Please see Appendix 1 for details.

Table B. Total U.S. R&D, 1997-1999
(expenditures in millions of dollars)

(calendar years) 1997 1998 1999 % Change
  Actual Preliminary Preliminary 1998-99
U.S. R&D by funding source:        
         
Federal Government 65,016 64,853 65,853 1.5%
Industry 136,394 151,105 169,312 12.0%
Universities and Colleges 4,842 5,366 5,838 8.8%
Nonprofits 3,436 3,686 3,913 6.2%
Nonfederal Government 1,898 1,974 2,085 5.6%
  ____ ____ ____  
Total U.S. R&D 211,586 226,984 247,000 8.8%
         
U.S. R&D by performer:        
Federal Government 16,814 17,189 17,362 1.0%
Industry 155,409 168,291 185,892 10.5%
Universities and Colleges 25,136 26,684 28,256 5.9%
FFRDCs * 8,562 8,715 9,171 5.2%
Nonprofits 5,665 6,105 6,319 3.5%
  ____ ____ ____  
Total U.S. R&D 211,586 226,984 247,000 8.8%
         
U.S. R&D by character of work:        
Basic Research 35,495 37,695 40,224 6.7%
- (from federal sources) 19,328 20,186 21,020 4.1%
- (from industry sources) 10,315 11,373 12,689 11.6%
Applied Research 47,453 51,722 56,462 9.2%
Development 128,638 137,566 150,315 9.3%
  ____ ____ ____  
Total U.S. R&D 211,586 226,984 247,000 8.8%
         
U.S. GDP** (billions of dollars) 8,111 8,509 8,849 4.0%
         
U.S. R&D / GDP 2.61% 2.67% 2.79%  

Source: National Science Foundation, National Patterns of R&D Resources 1999 Data Update.
The complete data are available at http://www.nsf.gov/sbe/srs/stats.htm.
* Federally Funded Research and Development Centers.
** Gross Domestic Product.
These data are based on performer surveys of expenditures for calendar years, and thus differ from data presented elsewhere in this report (agency budget authority data by fiscal year). These data also exclude R&D facilities.


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